MÉTODOS DE IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE PATÓGENOS: DESAFIOS E APLICAÇÃO EM ESPÉCIES DO GÊNERO LISTERIA
Resumo
Listeria monocytogenes é um patógeno humano responsável pela listeriose, uma doença transmitida por alimentos com taxa de mortalidade de 20-30%, que afeta principalmente idosos, recém-nascidos e indivíduos imunocomprometidos. Embora não patogênica, o isolamento e identificação de L. innocua são de extrema importância já que podem indicar a presença de L. monocytogenes, uma vez que são espécies intimamente relacionadas e amplamente distribuídas no ambiente e nas plantas industriais de processamento de alimentos. Cepas atípicas do gênero Listeria, que não podem ser distinguidas de outras espécies usando apenas métodos fenotípicos convencionais, foram relatadas em humanos, inclusive em casos raros de septicemia e meningite por L. innocua. Nos últimos anos, várias alternativas foram propostas para uma identificação mais rápida de microrganismos, como métodos fenotípicos automatizados e a ionização por dessorção a laser assistida por matriz (MALDI-TOF/MS). Este trabalho tem como objetivo sintetizar os desafios de identificação de espécies do gênero Listeria, assim como conceituar métodos atuais de identificação de micro-organismos, aplicados ao gênero Listeria.
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