Adjustment of the parameters of the Hargreaves and Samani model to estimate reference evapotranspiration on a daily scale for Rio Claro – RJ
Keywords:
balanço hídrico, GDA, produtividadeAbstract
This study aimed to calibrate the Hargreaves-Samani (HS) model, a simplified alternative to the standard Penman-Monteith (PM) model, to estimate reference evapotranspiration (ETo) in Rio Claro, RJ, Brazil. Using daily meteorological data (maximum and minimum air temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, and global solar radiation) from the INMET automatic weather station between 2016 and 2023, the HS model was calibrated with different parameter combinations (a, b, and c). Calibration performance was evaluated using statistical metrics (root mean square error - RMSE, coefficient of determination - R², mean square error - MSE, mean absolute error - MAE) and the "c" performance index proposed by Camargo and Sentelhas (1997). The three-parameter calibration (a=0.0019, b=10.30, c=0.6132) yielded the best results, with an RMSE of 0.27 mm/day and a "c" index of 0.85 ("very good"), outperforming calibrations with one or two parameters. Analysis of the residual distribution and spatial comparison with the PM model confirmed the good quality of fit of the calibrated HS model. The results demonstrate the importance of local calibration of the HS model to obtain accurate ETo estimates in Rio Claro, RJ, and its potential to assist in efficient irrigation management, water use optimization, and strategic decision-making in the agricultural sector, contributing to the sustainability of water resources in the region.
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